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10-Q2026-05-07· merged:deepseek-v4-flash

AAOI · Applied Optoelectronics, Inc.

0001437749-26-015620

SEC filing

Summary

Revenue surged 51.4% YoY to $151.1M driven by data center demand, but net loss widened to $14.3M.

Key takeaways

Full analysis

Period Performance

Period Performance

Revenue for Q1 2026 was $151.1M, up 51.4% from $99.9M in Q1 2025, driven primarily by a 154% surge in data center product revenue ($49.4M increase). CATV revenue grew modestly by $2.3M (+3.6%), while telecom and FTTH & Other declined. Gross profit rose 43.8% to $43.9M, but gross margin fell from 30.6% to 29.1% due to higher manufacturing costs (lower production efficiency, increased depreciation of 1.1%) and a 0.4% higher inventory reserve. Operating expenses increased 44.1% to $56.9M, with R&D up 44.1% (personnel and project costs), sales & marketing up 18.5% (expanded sales efforts and $0.7M tariff-related shipping costs), and G&A up 52.7% (personnel and corporate infrastructure). Net loss widened to $14.3M from $9.2M, reflecting higher operating loss and other income/expense swings (interest income up due to higher cash balances, but foreign exchange losses increased).

Segment Dynamics

Data center became the largest segment at 53.9% of revenue (vs 32.1% in prior year), with $81.4M revenue (+154%) driven by demand from large customers for capacity expansion and infrastructure upgrades. CATV remained significant at 44.2% ($66.8M, +3.6%), supported by continued MSO deployments. Telecom declined 12.9% to $2.6M, and FTTH & Other dropped 8.6% to $0.3M. Customer concentration remains high: top ten customers accounted for 98% of revenue, and Digicomm alone represented 44.1% of revenue and 74.5% of accounts receivable, though the company expects this to decline as data center customers grow.

Forward View

Management expects data center demand trends to continue, with gross margin improving in future periods through product mix, cost optimization, and production efficiencies. Capital expenditures in Q1 2026 were $58.2M, and management expects full-year 2026 CapEx to be materially higher than 2025, focusing on capacity expansion for 400G/800G/1.6T transceivers and semiconductor lasers. The company received a CHIPS Act grant commitment of up to $20.9M for Texas expansion, but no funds have been recognized yet. Tariff impacts are being mitigated through pricing adjustments and supply chain diversification, but the environment remains uncertain. The recently completed ATM offering ($382.6M net proceeds) and $61.7M unused borrowing capacity provide liquidity; cash and equivalents totaled $449.4M as of March 31, 2026.

Notes & Operating Detail

Balance Sheet & Liquidity

Cash and cash equivalents surged to $439.7M as of March 31, 2026, up from $206.1M at December 31, 2025, primarily driven by $382.4M net proceeds from a common stock offering during Q1 2026. Restricted cash was $9.7M, including $7.8M for bank acceptance notes. Total debt stood at $170.7M, comprising $129.5M of convertible senior notes (net carrying amount, fair value $278.7M) and $41.2M in current revolving credit lines. Shareholders' equity rose to $1,105.95M. The company has $61.7M of unused borrowing capacity across various facilities.

Commitments & Contractual Obligations

The primary contractual obligations disclosed in the Notes are operating lease commitments totaling $97.3M on an undiscounted basis, with $7.6M due within one year, $17.5M in years 1-3, and $72.2M thereafter. Key new leases include a 126-month lease in Sugar Land, Texas ($18.5M total payments) and a 130-month lease in Houston ($19.5M). Additionally, the company has a $5.7M IEEPA tariff refund claim submitted but not yet recognized.

Capital Allocation (buybacks, dividends, debt, capex)

No share buybacks or dividends were reported. The company did not issue or repay any significant debt during the quarter beyond normal revolving credit line fluctuations. Capital expenditures (from cash flow statement, not explicitly in Notes but referenced) were $58.2M, representing 38.5% of revenue, reflecting continued investment in manufacturing capacity.

Segment / Geographic Mix (if disclosed at note level)

The company operates as a single reportable segment. Revenue by product category: Data Center $81.4M (53.9%), CATV $66.8M (44.2%), Telecom $2.6M (1.7%), Other $0.3M (0.2%). Revenue by manufacturing location: United States $0.9M, Taiwan $80.9M, China $69.3M. The segment net loss was $(14.3M).

Cash Flow Quality

Cash Flow Quality

Net loss of $14.3M was significantly smaller than negative CFO of $85.4M, indicating weak cash conversion. The primary driver was massive working capital outflows: accounts receivable consumed $54.4M, inventories $25.3M, and operating lease asset $23.1M, partly offset by lease liability additions of $23.8M. Depreciation ($9.2M) and share-based compensation ($4.4M) were non-cash add-backs.

Capex Intensity

Capital expenditures of $58.2M (PP&E) plus $9.7M in deposits/deferred charges and $0.1M intangibles totaled $68.1M in investing, far exceeding CFO. The company is investing heavily, likely in capacity expansion.

Capital Returns

No share repurchases or dividends. Financing activities provided $389.3M, primarily from a $382.4M common stock offering, supplemented by net bank acceptance and line of credit borrowings.

Anomalies

A $23.8M operating lease liability increase alongside a $23.1M ROU asset build suggests new leases. Accounts payable decreased $1.6M related to capex, indicating lower unpaid supplier obligations. No one-time tax payments; income taxes paid were negligible.